Mold

Mold is a fungal growth that forms and spreads on various kinds of damp materials and surfaces. There are many different species of mold that can be found both indoors and outdoors and in all climates during all seasons of the year. Outdoors, molds play an important role in breaking down decaying matter such as fallen leaves, dead trees and other debris. Indoors, however, mold growth should be prevented due to its potential to cause structural damage and illness.

Indoor mold is generally caused by excess moisture and moderate temperatures, making most homes and buildings ideal for mold growth. Mold reproduces by releasing microscopic spores that can float through the air and land on moist surfaces where they settle and form new mold colonies. Although mold spores are found everywhere, moisture is required for its growth. It can be particularly prevalent in kitchens, bathrooms or anywhere there has been a water leak or flooding.

Dangers of Mold

Certain strains of mold produce mycotoxins which can be inhaled, absorbed through the skin or ingested by humans or pets. Mycotoxins can cause many adverse health effects from sore throat and coughing to burning eyes and skin rash. Prolonged exposure can lead to serious health issues including respiratory infection, fatigue, sinusitis and even neurological issues such as cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression. Infants, elderly persons and those with pre-existing health conditions are especially susceptible to adverse health effects due to toxic mold exposure.

Mold spores can remain viable for growth and colonization years after they are produced. In addition, whether the spores are alive or not, the allergens in and on them may remain allergenic for years.

When should you worry about mold?

Since mold requires water to grow, it is wise to inspect for mold anytime water or moisture problems have occurred. During an inspection, mold may be clearly visible as dark or discolored spots with a slimy or powdery texture. Indoor mold is often visible on bathroom tile and grout, under sinks, around windows or on walls, ceilings or flooring.

In some cases, mold may not be visible, but a musty, stale odor or unexplained health issues will indicate a mold problem. In these instances, mold may be hidden behind walls, flooring or ceilings or inside crawl spaces, attics or basements. Investigation of hidden mold problems is more complicated since actions such as removing wallpaper or carpeting may disturb the mold and cause widespread dispersal of mold spores. Expert assistance is recommended for disruptive actions.

It is not possible to identify toxic mold just by looking at it with the naked eye. All indoor mold should be suspect until positively identified by a trained professional using specialized sample collection and testing equipment.